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Glosarium Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia dan Ketentuan Tunjangan Karyawan

Kompensasi Karyawan

Employee compensation refers to all the payments and benefits that an employee receives in exchange for their work. This includes their salary or wages, bonuses, commissions, insurance plans, retirement plans, and other perks.

The purpose of compensation is to attract and retain skilled employees, motivate them to perform well, and reward them for their contributions to the organization.

What is employee compensation?

Employee compensation refers to the remuneration provided to employees in return for their time, effort, and skills contributed to the organization. This typically includes monetary benefits like salaries, wages, bonuses, and commissions, but also encompasses non-monetary benefits such as health insurance, retirement plans, paid time off, and more.

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What are the types of employee compensation?

There are several types of employee compensation, including:

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‍Base salary: This is the fixed amount of money paid to an employee on an annual, hourly, or per-project basis.‍
Bonuses: These are one-time payments made to employees for achieving specific goals or outstanding performance.
‍Commissions: These are payments made to employees based on the sales they generate or the revenue they bring in.‍
Benefits: These include health insurance, retirement plans, paid time off, and other non-monetary perks.‍
Equity: This is ownership in the company, usually in the form of stock options or grants.‍
Profit-sharing: This is a bonus paid to employees based on the company's profits.‍
Sign-on bonuses: These are one-time payments made to new employees as an incentive to join the company.

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What are the benefits of employee compensation?

The key benefits of employee compensation are:

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Attracts talent: Competitive compensation packages make an organization more attractive to potential employees. Job seekers often consider the total compensation, including salary, bonuses, benefits, and perks, when evaluating job offers.‍
Retains employees: Offering fair and competitive compensation helps retain existing employees. When employees feel that they are fairly compensated for their skills and contributions, they are more likely to stay with the organization.
‍Motivates performance: Compensation tied to performance, such as bonuses and incentives, serves as a motivational tool. It encourages employees to excel in their roles, achieve goals, and contribute to the overall success of the organization.
‍Job satisfaction: Adequate compensation contributes to overall job satisfaction. When employees feel that they are fairly rewarded for their efforts, they are more likely to be satisfied with their jobs, leading to higher morale and productivity.
‍Financial security: Compensation, especially in the form of a base salary, provides employees with financial security. It helps them meet their basic needs, support their families, and plan for the future.
‍Employee loyalty: A well-structured compensation package fosters loyalty among employees. When employees perceive that their employer values and rewards their contributions, they are more likely to remain loyal to the organization.
‍Reduces turnover costs: High turnover can be costly for organizations in terms of recruitment, onboarding, and training expenses. Offering competitive compensation can help reduce turnover, saving the organization money in the long run.
‍Enhances employer brand: Organizations known for offering attractive compensation packages are likely to have a positive employer brand. This reputation can make it easier to attract top talent and position the company as an employer of choice.
‍Improves employee well-being: Comprehensive compensation packages that include benefits like health insurance, retirement plans, and wellness programs contribute to employees' overall well-being. This, in turn, can positively impact job performance and satisfaction.
‍Supports recruitment efforts: Competitive compensation is a powerful tool in recruitment. It helps organizations stand out in the competitive job market and allows them to attract individuals with the skills and expertise needed for success.
‍Aligns with market standards: Adhering to market standards for compensation ensures that an organization remains competitive within its industry. This is essential for attracting and retaining talent in a constantly evolving job market.
‍Legal compliance: Complying with legal requirements related to minimum wages, overtime pay, and other compensation regulations is crucial for avoiding legal issues and maintaining a positive employer reputation.
‍Encourages employee engagement: Employees who feel that they are fairly compensated are more likely to be engaged in their work. Engaged employees are generally more productive, collaborative, and committed to the organization's goals.

Why is employee compensation important?

Employee compensation is important because it offers the benefits of talent attraction, employee retention, job satisfaction, equity, and more. Let’s look at the below-pointers in detail:
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Talent attraction: Competitive compensation packages are essential for attracting skilled professionals to an organization. It’s a key factor that potential employees consider when choosing a job.
‍Employee retention: Fair and timely compensation helps retain employees. When employees feel they are compensated fairly, they are more likely to stay with the organization, reducing turnover rates.
‍Motivation and performance: Compensation serves as a motivator, encouraging employees to strive for excellence and high performance. When employees see a direct correlation between their efforts and their compensation, they are more likely to work harder.
‍Job satisfaction: Adequate compensation contributes to job satisfaction. When employees feel they are paid fairly for their work, it enhances their job satisfaction and overall morale.
‍Equity: Compensation plays a crucial role in reducing perceived inequities within an organization. A fair compensation system ensures that employees are paid based on their roles, responsibilities, and performance, promoting a sense of fairness.
‍Living standards: Compensation directly impacts the living standards of employees. It provides them with the means for a comfortable life and financial security.

How is employee compensation determined?

Determining employee compensation involves a systematic approach that takes into account several key factors:

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Job analysis: The first step is understanding the job role, responsibilities, and requirements. This involves a detailed analysis of the job’s tasks, skills needed, effort involved, and working conditions.
‍Salary surveys: Companies often conduct or refer to salary surveys to understand the prevailing market rates for different job roles. This helps them set competitive salaries that attract and retain talent.
‍Pay structures: Companies create a pay structure based on the job analysis and salary surveys. This includes a range of pay for different job grades or levels within the organization.
‍Performance-based pay: Many organizations also consider an employee’s performance when determining compensation. This could be in the form of bonuses, commissions, or merit increases.
‍Legal requirements: Companies must also comply with legal requirements such as minimum wage laws, overtime pay regulations, and other labor laws.
‍Company budget: Last but not least, the company’s financial situation and budget constraints also play a role in determining employee compensation.

How is employee compensation calculated?

Here are key elements that contribute to the calculation of employee compensation:

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1. Base salary

The base salary is the fixed amount of money that an employee receives on a regular basis, such as monthly or annually.
It is typically determined by factors like the employee's skills, experience, qualifications, and the prevailing market rates for the role.

2. Hourly or daily wages

For employees who are paid on an hourly or daily basis, compensation is calculated based on the number of hours or days worked.
This is common in industries with part-time, temporary, or hourly workers.

3. Bonuses

Bonuses are additional payments made to employees based on performance, achievement of specific goals, or other criteria.
They can be one-time or recurring, and the amount may vary depending on individual or team performance.

4. Commissions

Employees in sales or revenue-generating roles may receive commissions based on the sales or revenue they generate.
The commission rate is often a percentage of the total sales or revenue.

5. Overtime pay

Overtime pay is provided for hours worked beyond the standard workweek.
Overtime rates are usually higher than the regular hourly rate and are mandated by labor laws in many jurisdictions.

6. Benefits

Employee benefits contribute to overall compensation and can include health insurance, dental insurance, retirement plans (such as 401(k)), paid time off (vacation, holidays, and sick leave), and other perks like transportation allowances or meal subsidies.

7. Stock options and equity

In some companies, employees may receive stock options or equity as part of their compensation package.
This provides employees with a stake in the company's success and potential for financial gain.

8. Profit sharing

Profit-sharing programs allow employees to share in the company's profits.
The amount distributed is often determined by the company's financial performance and may be distributed annually.

9. Cost of living adjustments (COLA)

Some organizations provide cost of living adjustments to ensure that employees' salaries keep pace with inflation and changes in the cost of living in a particular geographic area.

10. Incentive Programs

Incentive programs may include various rewards, such as gift cards, travel vouchers, or other non-monetary incentives, to motivate and recognize employee performance.

11. Shift differentials

In industries that operate around the clock, employees working during certain shifts or hours may receive shift differentials, providing additional compensation for working less desirable hours.

12. Education and training reimbursements

Companies may offer compensation for education and training expenses incurred by employees as part of their professional development.

Survei denyut nadi karyawan:

Ini adalah survei singkat yang dapat sering dikirim untuk memeriksa pendapat karyawan Anda tentang suatu masalah dengan cepat. Survei ini terdiri dari lebih sedikit pertanyaan (tidak lebih dari 10) untuk mendapatkan informasi dengan cepat. Ini dapat diberikan secara berkala (bulanan / mingguan / triwulanan).

Pertemuan empat mata:

Mengadakan rapat berkala selama satu jam untuk obrolan informal dengan setiap anggota tim adalah cara terbaik untuk mendapatkan gambaran sebenarnya tentang apa yang terjadi dengan mereka. Karena ini adalah percakapan yang aman dan pribadi, ini membantu Anda mendapatkan detail yang lebih baik tentang suatu masalah.

eNPS:

eNPS (employee Net Promoter score) adalah salah satu cara paling sederhana namun efektif untuk menilai pendapat karyawan Anda tentang perusahaan Anda. Ini termasuk satu pertanyaan menarik yang mengukur loyalitas. Contoh pertanyaan eNPS meliputi: Seberapa besar kemungkinan Anda merekomendasikan perusahaan kami kepada orang lain? Karyawan menanggapi survei eNPS pada skala 1-10, di mana 10 menunjukkan bahwa mereka 'sangat mungkin' untuk merekomendasikan perusahaan dan 1 menandakan bahwa mereka 'sangat tidak mungkin' untuk merekomendasikannya.

Berdasarkan tanggapan, karyawan dapat ditempatkan dalam tiga kategori berbeda:

Promotor
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Pencela
Karyawan yang bereaksi negatif atau tidak setuju.
Pasif
Karyawan yang tetap netral dengan tanggapan mereka.

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